Estimation of entrance surface dose to adult patients undergoing plain chest radiographic examinations in a Northern Nigerian population.

Objective: The entrance surface doses (ESD) to adult patients undergoing postero-anterior (PA) chest radiography were measured at Shika Ahmedu Bello University Teaching Hospital (ABUTH) Zaria, Northern Nigeria. Method:A total of 30 patients were prospectively considered in the study. The ESDs were obtained using thermo luminescence dosimeter (TLDs) chips, and Kumar's formula. Results: The estimated ESD obtained were 1.08 mGy and 0.76 mGy for TLD chips readings and Kumar's formula respectively. Comparison was made between the two readings, and a statistically significant difference was noted (p<0.029). Conclusion: Procedural changes are suggested in order to lower the ESD and enhance the image quality of the radiographs. ESDs in this study were found to be generally higher compared with those reported in similar studies in Southern Nigeria, UK, and CEC. The results call for improved operators technique and application of quality Assurance Programme (QAP) in radiology departments, to ensure that doses are kept as low as reasonably achievable, and also for the formulation of local diagnostic reference levels (LDRL)

The assessment of patients' perception and satisfaction of radiology waiting time in university of maiduguri teaching hospital.

The patient is the most important person in the entire hospital setup and it is the duty of the health care personnel to give special attention to the management of patient to enhance effective service delivery.Waiting time is the total time from registration until consultation with healthcare personnel.It is an aspect of care that patients value most. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate Patients' perceived satisfaction with waiting time in Department of Radiology, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Borno State Nigeria. Method: The study was a cross-sectional prospective survey, that targeted patients who presented at the radiology department for HSG and IVU over the period of six months with a response rate of 70%, (n=70). The mean age of the participants was 33.6years. Data was collected using a 23 item self-completion questionnaire designed in line with the objectives of the study. Data were categorized into groups and analyzed using statistical package for social sciences version 16.0, where descriptive statistics such as the mean, percentages and frequencies were generated and tabulated. Pearson's correlation at p<0.01(2 tailed) was used to test for relationship Results: The results showed that 64.3%, (n=45) were female while 35.7%, (n=25) were male, out of these, 42.9% (n=30) were referred for HSG, and 57.1% (n=40) were for IVU. Among the patients referred for IVU, 37.5%, (n=15) were female, and 62.5%, (n=25) were male. Waiting time (before and after investigation) and satisfaction was found to be significant at (p<0.01 2-tailed), with the waiting time. Conclusion: Insufficient number of counter service staff (Receptionist) and insufficient number of Radiologist and Radiographers were some of the factors that affect patient's satisfaction with waiting time, as investigations and reports were delayed.&nbsp

Pattern of radiographic findings in patient with gunshot injuries in university of maiduguri teaching hospital.

Gunshot injuries (GSI) are a global public health problem and causes considerable problem in developing countries. Objectives: To determine the radiographic pattern of findings of gunshot injuries with its age and sex association and to find out its causes and anatomical part most involved. Method: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted reviewing 397 records of patients with gunshot injuries with age range from 6-70 years, from December 2010 to December 2012, in Accident and emergency department of University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital. Ethical clearance was obtained from the research ethical committee of the institution. Data collected was organized into groups according to age, sex, cause of gunshot injuries, patterns of findings and anatomical part affected. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 16.0 statistical software package, where the mean, percentages and frequencies were calculated. Result: The result showed that more males 92.7% were affected than the females 7.3% with a ratio of 13:1. More teenagers,within the age group of 11-20 years (20.4%) and young adults with age range from 21-30 years (38.3%) were mostly affected.Secondary assault 84.13% and armed robbery attack 10.8% were the highest cause of gunshot injuries. Fracture 44.8%, soft tissue bullets pellets injury 31.9% were the common findings, with the lower limb 53.6% and the upper limb 30.2% were the anatomical site commonly affected. Conclusion: The study found that more males were affected than the female with a ratio of 13:1. Extremities were the anatomical site commonly affected, with fractures and pellet injuries as the common injuries. Secondary assault (insurgence) and armed robbery attack were the major causes of these injuries which affected the most active age group (11-30 years) in the society

The Effect Of Normocephalic Foetal Skull On Foetal Dating Using Biparietal Diameter

The study was conducted to determine the desirability or otherwise of mathematically correcting every normal foetal head shape to an ideal shape prior to dating using the biparietal diameter (BPD). Transabdominal Sonography was performed in 118 pregnant women in their second- and third- trimesters. The BPDs and fronto-occipital diameters (FODs) were measured. A study of 100 foetuses with normal head shapes was used to derive in this environment, a regression equation for an area corrected BPD (BPDa): BPDa = - 2. 853 + 0.483 (BPD + FOD). The BPDa of 18 foetuses with normal head shapes, were computed with this equation. Z test was performed to compare the mean BPD and Mean BPDa. Z statistic showed no significant difference (p>0.5) between BPDa and BPD in this group of foetuses with normal head shapes. There is no need to mathematically correct normocephalic foetal head shapes to ideal shapes before dating using the BPD

Occupational stress among radiographers: the impact of sonagraphy responsibility

Role extension in any occupation can affect both psychosocial and biomechanical stress levels and thus, have some consequences on efficiency in service delivery. The study was aimed to determine the impact of role extension of medical radiographers into sonography. 50 self-administered questionnaires were distributed to radiographers and to sonographers (radiographers with sonography responsibility). The questionnaires included questions seeking information on the demographic profile of the radiographer and sonographer, anatomical regions of biomechanical symptoms/stress and visual analogue scale (VAS), which rated job satisfaction and anxiety levels. 96% of the questionnaires were returned and analyzed statistically using SPSS 11.0 software with P< 0.05 indicating level of significance. Sonographers had more prevalence of biomechanical stress symptoms than the radiographers. Job satisfaction for sonographers (58.75%) was lower than that for radiographers (64.29%). Anxiety level was higher among sonographers even though this was not statistically significant. Sonography responsibility on radiographers did not have any significant effect on psychosocial stress. A balance in the extended role could aid efficiency in service delivery while improving the social strength of the individual. Keywords: Occupational stress; radiographers; sonographers Internet Journal of Medical Update Vol. 4 (1) 2009: pp. 3-

Correlations between total prostate volume and anthropometric variables in normal subjects

No Abstract.Global Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences Vol. 14 (2) 2008 pp. 213-21

Quality Control Assessment of Five Brands of Ketoconazole Tablets Marketed in Nigeria

The qualities of five different brands of ketoconazole tablets commercially available in Nigeria were assessed. The weight uniformity, hardness, friability, disintegration time, absolute drug content and dissolution rate of the brands were determined using official or standard methods, as applicable. The five brands passed the uniformity of weight test with the range of 0.351 &ndash; 0.676 g, hardness test with a range of 4.00 &ndash; 7.70 kgF, friability test with a range of 0.146 &ndash; 0.268 % and absolute drug content with a range of 98.82 &ndash; 107.02 % and conformed to the pharmacopoeias specifications. However, all the tested brands had poor dissolution profiles. None of the brands was bioequivalent with the innovator brand.Keywords: Ketoconazole tablets, quality control, interchangeability, NigeriaNigerian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol. 9 No 1 pp. 15 - 22 (February 2011